Understanding your vehicle’s health is becoming increasingly reliant on its On-Board Diagnostic system, or OBD2. This system, mandated in most modern vehicles, monitors various aspects of your car’s performance and emissions, alerting you to potential problems through “Auto Codes Obd2,” commonly known as diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs). This guide will delve into the world of OBD2, explaining the pass/fail standards for smog checks and offering insights into common issues and vehicle-specific concerns related to OBD testing.
Understanding OBD Test Standards for Smog Checks
The OBD test is a crucial part of vehicle inspections, particularly smog checks, designed to ensure vehicles are running cleanly and efficiently. Let’s break down the key components of these standards.
Readiness Monitor Standards
Readiness monitors are essentially self-checks performed by your vehicle’s OBD system. These monitors verify that emission control systems are functioning correctly. While many vehicles complete these self-tests during normal driving, some may require specific driving conditions or experience difficulties due to vehicle design or driving habits. Vehicle owner’s manuals sometimes contain drive cycle procedures to help complete these monitors, but often this information is only available to manufacturers or within professional repair resources. Completing drive cycles requires specific conditions such as speed, temperature, and engine load, which might necessitate dynamometer equipment in certain situations. Furthermore, properly functioning components are essential for monitor completion; a vehicle may fail to complete a monitor until underlying issues are diagnosed and repaired. It’s also important to remember that readiness monitors must be rerun after any repair work that involves disconnecting the battery or replacing emission components.
The number of incomplete readiness monitors allowed to pass an OBD test during a smog check varies depending on the vehicle’s model year and fuel type:
| Model Year | Fuel Type | Incomplete Monitors Allowed for OBD Test Pass1 |
|---|---|---|
| 1996-1999 | Gasoline2 | Any one3 |
| 2000 and newer | Gasoline2 | Evaporative system3 |
| 1998-2006 | Diesel | Zero |
| 2007 and newer | Diesel | Particulate Filter and NMHC4 |
1 Implemented May 4, 2015.
2 “Gasoline” includes gasoline, propane, natural gas (CNG, LNG, LPG).
3 The misfire, fuel, and comprehensive component continuous monitors are disregarded during OBD tests on gasoline vehicles.
4 Implemented July 5, 2023.
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) Standards
The Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL), often referred to as the “Check Engine” light, is a critical indicator of your vehicle’s OBD system status. Here are the pass/fail standards related to the MIL during a smog check:
| Condition | Pass/Fail | Standard |
|---|---|---|
| MIL illuminates when key on, engine off (KOEO) | Pass | MIL should light up to indicate it’s functional. |
| MIL turns off when engine running (KOER) | Pass | MIL should turn off if no active faults are detected when the engine is running. |
| MIL does not illuminate when key on, engine off (KOEO) | Fail | Indicates a potential issue with the MIL system itself. |
| MIL illuminates when engine running (KOER) | Fail | Signals an active emission-related fault. |
Communication Standards
Successful communication between the inspection equipment and your vehicle’s OBD system is fundamental for a proper smog check. Failure to communicate can stem from various issues, such as a damaged OBD connector, wiring problems, aftermarket stereo installations interfering with communication, or even incorrect data responses from the vehicle’s computer.
Here are the communication standards for OBD tests:
| Test Type | Requirement | Standard |
|---|---|---|
| BAR-97 | Vehicle communication | Vehicle must successfully communicate with the BAR-97 testing equipment. |
| OIS | Vehicle communication & Data Transmission | Vehicle must communicate with the OIS and transmit the necessary data1. |
1 Required data typically includes information from OBD addresses: Mode $01 PID $00 (identifies supported data) and Mode $01 PID $01 (reports MIL status, DTCs, and monitor status).
Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Code (PDTC) Standards
Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Codes (PDTCs) are a specific type of DTC that were introduced to enhance emission control and prevent clearing of fault codes before a smog check. Unlike regular DTCs, PDTCs cannot be erased using a scan tool or by disconnecting the vehicle’s battery. They can only be cleared by the OBD II system itself once it verifies that the underlying issue has been resolved.
Since July 1, 2019, PDTC checks have been part of the BAR-OIS smog check inspection. The standards are as follows:
| Model Year | Test Type | Standard |
|---|---|---|
| 1996-1999 | BAR-97 | Not applicable |
| 2000-2009 | OIS | Not applicable |
| 2010 and newer 1 | OIS | Vehicles fail if a PDTC is present 2,3,4,5 |
1 Some 2010 vehicles may not support PDTCs and are exempt from this check.
2 A vehicle with a stored PDTC will fail regardless of the MIL status (on or off).
3 PDTC presence is ignored if the vehicle has completed at least 15 warm-up cycles and 200 miles of driving since the last OBD data clear (as determined by Mode $01 PID $30 and $31).
4 Authorities are aware of vehicles with PDTC clearing issues and are working with manufacturers to address them. These codes will be ignored in the interim. Refer to Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Code Vehicles of Interest for more details.
5 Some manufacturers have issued extended warranties or recalls for vehicles with PDTC clearing problems. These vehicles are listed under Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Code Vehicles of Interest. Motorists with vehicles failing due to PDTCs should be directed to dealerships for potential covered repairs.
Modified Software Standards
Since July 19, 2021, smog checks also include a check for modified software. Software updates approved by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) should not cause a vehicle to fail. However, vehicles found with illegally modified software will fail the smog check. The inspection report will indicate “Modified Software” as the reason for failure. To pass, the vehicle must be restored to an OEM-approved or CARB-approved software configuration and re-tested at a licensed Smog Check station. Consumers who wish to dispute inspection results can contact the Smog Check Referee.
Vehicles of Interest: Navigating OBD Test Challenges
Certain vehicle makes and models are known to have specific issues that can affect OBD testing during smog checks. These issues range from communication problems and incomplete readiness monitors to OBD test incompatibilities and false MIL illuminations. In many cases, the inspection systems are programmed to accommodate these known anomalies. In other instances, vehicle repair may be necessary.
OIS Vehicles of Interest
The following table lists gasoline, flex-fuel (model year 2000 and newer), and diesel (model year 1998 and newer) vehicles that may encounter OBD test issues during an OIS inspection:
| Make | Year | Model Engine (L); Fuel Type | Issue | Cause and Possible Remedy | Inspector Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audi | 2000-2004 | A4 & A6 | No OBD communication. | Broken ground wire in ABS module. Repair per Audi TSB #A45-15-10. | Likely broken vehicle. Repair and retest. |
| BMW | 6/1/99 – 7/31/00 | 323i Sedan | Oxygen sensor readiness monitor issue. | DME Software error. Reprogram DME with updated software. | Check DME “programmed control unit” number in TSB #SI B12 16 16. |
| BMW | 9/3/99 – 7/31/00 | 323iT Touring | Oxygen sensor readiness monitor issue. | DME Software error. Reprogram DME with updated software. | Check DME “programmed control unit” number in TSB #SI B12 16 16. |
| BMW | 6/1/99 – 7/29/00 | 323Ci Coupe | Oxygen sensor readiness monitor issue. | DME Software error. Reprogram DME with updated software. | Check DME “programmed control unit” number in TSB #SI B12 16 16. |
| BMW | 6/23/99 – 7/29/00 | 323 Cic Convertible | Oxygen sensor readiness monitor issue. | DME Software error. Reprogram DME with updated software. | Check DME “programmed control unit” number in TSB #SI B12 16 16. |
| BMW | 2000 | M52 (TU) engine | Oxygen sensor readiness monitor issue. | DME Software error. Reprogram DME with updated software. | Check DME “programmed control unit” number in TSB #SI B12 16 16. |
| BMW | 2000 | Readiness monitor failure (oxygen sensor). | ECM Software error. Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01 (BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99). | Vehicle reflash required. Reflash ECM per recall. | |
| BMW | built 3/98 – 7/99 | 323i, 323iA, 328i, 328iA | Readiness monitor failure (oxygen sensor). | ECM Software error. Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01 (BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99). | Vehicle reflash required. Reflash ECM per recall. |
| BMW | built 2/99 – 7/99 | 328iC, 328iCA, 323iC, 323iCA, 528i, 528iA, 528iT, 528iAT | Readiness monitor failure (oxygen sensor). | ECM Software error. Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01 (BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99). | Vehicle reflash required. Reflash ECM per recall. |
| BMW | built 9/98 – 7/99 | Z3 roadster 2.3 | Readiness monitor failure (oxygen sensor). | ECM Software error. Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01 (BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99). | Vehicle reflash required. Reflash ECM per recall. |
| BMW | built 4/99 – 7/99 | Z3 roadster coupe/ roadster 2.8 | Readiness monitor failure (oxygen sensor). | ECM Software error. Reflash ECM per Recall #00E-A01 (BMW bulletin #SI B 12 15 99). | Vehicle reflash required. Reflash ECM per recall. |
| BMW | 2001-2003 | Z3 M Roadster/coupe with S54 engine | No communication when ignition off/on. | DME reprogram recall (Bulletin #SI B12 11 06). | Follow OIS prompts. Connect/disconnect DAD when key off. |
| BMW | 2000-2003 | Z8 & M5 with S62 engine | No communication when ignition off/on. | DME reprogram recall (Bulletin #SI B12 11 06). | Follow OIS prompts. Connect/disconnect DAD when key off. |
| BMW | From series intro. up to 8/27/2004 | M3 with S54 engine | No communication when ignition off/on. | DME reprogram recall (Bulletin #SI B12 11 06). | Follow OIS prompts. Connect/disconnect DAD when key off. |
| BMW | 2003 | M3 | EGR monitor failure. | Thermostat issue. | Likely broken vehicle. Repair and retest. |
| BMW | 2007 | 328i | Engine dies during OBD test, won’t restart. | Keyless ignition issue. | Separate key/vehicle, wait 20+ mins, restart. Test normally. |
| Chevrolet | 1998-2005 | DIESEL C/K2500 & C/K3500, G30, G3500, P30 (Federal diesel over 8,500 GVWR) | Not OBD-II certified. | Federal diesel vehicles over 8,500 GVWR not built to OBD-II standards. | Test normally. OIS ignores incomplete continuous monitors. Use bulb check if no communication. |
| Chevrolet | 1999-2005 | 3500 W35042 (box truck) (diesel) (Federal certified, GVWR 10,001 – 14,000) | Not OBD II equipped. | OBD not installed in federal vehicles during these years. | OIS skips OBD functional test. |
| Chevrolet | 2000-2002 | S-10 (2WD), 2.2L I-4 (E85) | Monitors won’t set (flex fuel models). | System monitors disabled for high ethanol blends. | OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors. |
| Chevrolet | 2000-2005 | Suburban, Silverado, Express, Avalanche (gasoline) (Federal certified) | “Unable to confirm OBD II requirements” message. | Federally certified vehicles may not be OBD II certified. | Check under-hood label for OBD certification. Follow OIS prompts (may require BAR-97 test). |
| Chevrolet | 2001 | Silverado / Tahoe C/K 1500 | Secondary air system monitor failure. | Air injection problem (check valve, vacuum line, pump, passages). | Diagnose, repair, and retest. |
| Chevrolet | 2002 | Silverado C/K 2500HD (diesel) | EGR monitor failure. | Difficult drive cycle. | OIS reprogrammed (10/13/2016) to allow incomplete monitor. |
| Chevrolet | 2001-2002 | Cavalier CNG (Mexico built) | Catalyst monitor failure. | Vehicle design anomaly. | OIS reprogrammed (02/11/2015) to allow one incomplete monitor. |
| Chevrolet | 2019 | Express 2.8L (diesel) (California certified) | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor incomplete. Particulate Matter sensor fault may not set DTC/MIL. | ECM diagnostic information issue. ECM reprogram recall N232408230. | Vehicle reflash required. Perform recall, then retest. |
| Chrysler | 1999-2000 | Town & Country 3.0L (built after 12/1/1998) | EGR Monitor incomplete at high altitude. | Reflash available (TSB 18-03-00). | Vehicle reflash required. Repair per TSB, run monitors, retest. |
| Chrysler | 2000 | Town and Country 3.3L V-6 (E-85) | Readiness monitors won’t set (flex fuel models). | Monitors disabled for high ethanol blends. | OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors. |
| Chrysler | 2003 | PT Cruiser 2.4L turbo (manual trans) | Catalyst monitor failure. | PCM software error. Dealer PCM reprogram required (TSB #18-112-16). Lifetime emissions warranty. | Vehicle reflash required. Repair per TSB and retest. |
| Chrysler | 2010 (built before 2/20/2010) | 300, Charger, Challenger 3.5L (5-spd auto) | Readiness monitor failure, MIL illumination (P0456, P0452, P1115). | Reflash available (Chrysler TSB #18-008-10). | Vehicle reflash required. Repair per TSB and retest. |
| Dodge | 1998-2002 | Ram Truck 5.9L (Cummins diesel) (California certified) | Some continuous monitors incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. | Test normally. OIS allows one incomplete continuous monitor. |
| Dodge | 1998-2006 | Ram 2500, Ram 3500 (diesel) (Federal certified, over 8,500 GVWR) | Not OBD-II certified. | Federal diesel vehicles over 8,500 GVWR not built to OBD-II standards. | Test normally. OIS ignores incomplete continuous monitors. Use bulb check if no communication. |
| Dodge | 1999-2000 | Caravan 3.0L (built after 12/1/1998) | EGR Monitor incomplete at high altitude. | Reflash available (TSB 18-03-00). | Vehicle reflash required. Repair per TSB, run monitors, retest. |
| Dodge | 2003 | Dakota, Durango, Ram Trucks 4.7L (California or 50-state certified) | Catalyst monitor readiness “not supported”. | Broken vehicle. Repair per TSB #18-032-10 (lifetime warranty). | Test normally. OIS ignores unsupported monitors. |
| Dodge | 2003 | Ram Truck 5.9L (Cummins diesel) (California certified) | MIL on, but check engine light off, no DTCs. | Vehicle design anomaly. Recall #K01 (ECM reflash for CA certified vehicles). | Test normally. OIS ignores MIL command if no DTCs. Advise motorist of Recall #K01 (CA certified). |
| Dodge | 2003-2004 | 2500 4X2, Sprinter 3500 4X2 (diesel) (2003/2004 Federal certified, over 8,500 GVWR) | Not OBD-II certified. | Federal diesel vehicles over 8,500 GVWR not built to OBD-II standards. | Test normally. OIS ignores incomplete continuous monitors. Use bulb check if no communication. |
| Dodge | 2004-2005 (built after 12/7/2003) | Ram Truck 5.9L (Cummins diesel) (California certified) | Comprehensive component monitor incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. Reflash available (TSB #18-030-10, lifetime warranty TSB #18-003-11). | Test normally. OIS allows one incomplete monitor. Advise motorist of fix with lifetime warranty (TSB #18-003-11). |
| Dodge | 2004-2006 | 2500 3500 Sprinter (diesel) | EGR/VVT monitor incomplete. | ECU software error. | Test normally. OIS ignores EGR/VVT monitor. |
| Dodge | 2005 | Ram Truck 5.9L (Cummins diesel) (Federal certified) | Misfire and Comprehensive Components monitors incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. | Test normally. OIS ignores misfire and comprehensive component monitor readiness. |
| Dodge | 2006-2007 | Ram Truck 5.9L, 6.7L (Cummins diesel) (California certified) | Fuel System and Comprehensive Components monitors incomplete. | Recall #K01 (ECM reflash for CA certified vehicles). | Test normally. OIS ignores fuel and comprehensive component monitor readiness. Advise motorist of Recall #K01 (CA certified). |
| Dodge | 2006-2007 | Ram Truck 5.9L (ETC or ETH) (Federal Certified, built after 1/1/06), Cab Chassis 6.7L (ETJ) (Federal certified, built before 1/11/07) (Cummins diesel) | Fuel System and Comprehensive Components monitors incomplete. | TSB #18-017-10 (ECM reflash for Federal certified vehicles). | Test normally. OIS ignores fuel and comprehensive component monitor readiness. Advise motorist of TSB #18-017-10 (Federal certified). |
| Dodge | 2010 (built before 2/20/10) | 300, Charger, Challenger 3.5L (5-spd auto) | Evaporative monitor won’t set. | Evaporative leak detection monitor issue. | Test normally. Inform consumer of TSB #18-008-10 Revision A. |
| Dodge/Ram | 2010-2015 | 2500 & 3500 6.7L (diesel) (California certified) | NOx after-treatment monitor incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. | Test normally. OIS temporarily allows incomplete NOx after-treatment monitor (until manufacturer remedy). |
| Dodge/Ram | 2014 | ProMaster 2500 & 3500 High 3.0L (diesel) (California certified) | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. Recalls V97 and ZC0. | Vehicle reflash required. Perform recall, then retest. |
| Dodge/Ram | 2015 | ProMaster 1500, 2500, & 3500 High & Standard 3.0L (diesel) (California certified) | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. Recalls V97 and ZC0. | Vehicle reflash required. Perform recall, then retest. |
| Dodge/Ram | 2016 | ProMaster 2500 & 3500 High 3.0L (diesel) (California certified) | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. Recall V97. | Vehicle reflash required. Perform recall, then retest. |
| Ford | 1998-2003 | Truck 7.3L (diesel) | Engine shut off when requesting Mode $09 data. | Vehicle design anomaly. | Test normally. OIS skips Mode $09 data request. |
| Ford | 1998-2004 | F250, F350, E350, E450, E Super Duty, Econo Commercial S- Duty, Econo RV S- Duty (diesel) (Federal certified, over 8,500 GVWR) | Not OBD-II certified. | Federal diesel vehicles over 8,500 GVWR not built to OBD-II standards. | Test normally. OIS ignores incomplete continuous monitors. Use bulb check if no communication. |
| Ford | 2000-2004 | F250, F350, E350, Excursion (gasoline) (Federal certified) | “Unable to confirm OBD II requirements” message. | Federally certified vehicles may not be OBD II certified. | Check under-hood label for OBD certification. Follow OIS prompts (may require BAR-97 test). |
| Ford | 2003 | Focus | Readiness monitor failure. | Monitors difficult to complete. | Broken Vehicle. Reflash PCM per TSB #06-7-5. Then test normally. |
| Ford | 2004 | E350 Super duty 5.4 (gas) | Catalyst monitor failure. | Vehicle design anomaly. Recall #15E06 (reflash ECM). | Vehicle reflash required. Repair per recall and retest. |
| Ford | 2011 | Edge, Explorer 3.5L & 3.7L | Readiness monitor failure. | OBD-II data clearing/incorrect VIN reporting. Recall #13E04. | Consult Ford Emission Recall #13E04. Ensure recall performed and monitors completed. |
| Ford | 2013-2016 | F series, Super Duty 6.7L (diesel) | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor incomplete. | After DOC/DPF replacement, EGS monitor needs degreening (6,000-10,000 miles). | Test normally. OIS ignores incomplete EGS monitor (certain VINs, DOC/DPF replaced after 1/1/2022). Expires 10/8/2025. |
| Ford | 2015-2019 | Transit 3.2L (diesel) | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor incomplete. | After DOC/DPF replacement, EGS monitor needs degreening (6,000-10,000 miles). | Test normally. OIS ignores incomplete EGS monitor (certain VINs, DOC/DPF replaced after 1/1/2022). Expires 10/8/2025. |
| Ford | 2020-2022 | Escape (all engines, gasoline & hybrid) | No communication with BAR-OIS. | Design issue. Software update available (SSM 50974). | Test normally. Direct to Ford dealer for software update if no communication. |
| Ford | 2021-2022 | Bronco Sport (all engines, gasoline not hybrid) | No communication with BAR-OIS. | Design issue. Software update available (SSM 50974). | Test normally. Direct to Ford dealer for software update if no communication. |
| Ford | 2021-2023 | E350, E450 (all engines, gasoline not hybrid) | No communication with BAR-OIS. | Design issue. Software update available (SSM 50974). | Test normally. Direct to Ford dealer for software update if no communication. |
| Ford | 2025 and newer | Explorer (2.3L) AWD, RWD (Test Group SFMXT02.34K2) | No OBD communication. | OBDonUDS vehicle. DAD 1.0 units incompatible. | Cal-VIS skips OBD test until DAD 2.0 certified. |
| Freightliner | 1998-2004 | M Line Walk In Van (diesel) (Federal certified, GVWR 6,001-14,000) | Not OBD II equipped. | OBD not required in federal vehicles in this GVWR range. | OIS skips OBD functional test. |
| Freightliner | 2004-2006 | Sprinter (diesel) | EGR/VVT monitor incomplete. | ECU software error. | Test normally. OIS ignores EGR/VVT monitor. |
| GM | 2000 – 2008 | Various models, and Silverado 1500 | OIS prompts “no vehicle voltage”. | No power on OBDII connector (DLC pin 16). Possible blown fuse. | Use auxiliary DAD cables/power supply. |
| GM | 2015-2017 | All gasoline powered | Readiness monitor failure. | Post catalyst oxygen sensor monitor needs 1,000 mile catalyst break-in. Bulletin #15-NA-010. | Inspect after 1,000 miles or send to Referee. |
| GMC | 1998-2005 | DIESEL C/K2500 & C/K 3500, Savana G3500, Workhorse P30 Forward Cntl (Federal diesel over 8,500 GVWR) | Not OBD-II certified. | Federal diesel vehicles over 8,500 GVWR not built to OBD-II standards. | Test normally. OIS ignores incomplete continuous monitors. Use bulb check if no communication. |
| GMC | 1999-2005 | W3500 W35042 (box truck) (diesel) (Federal certified, GVWR 10,001 – 14,000) | Not OBD II equipped. | OBD not required in federal vehicles in this GVWR range. | OIS skips OBD functional test. |
| GMC | 2000-2002 | Sonoma (2WD), 2.2L I-4 (E85) | Monitors won’t set (flex fuel models). | System monitors disabled for high ethanol blends. | OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors. |
| GMC | 2000-2005 | Sierra, Yukon, Savana (gasoline) (Federal certified) | “Unable to confirm OBD II requirements” message. | Federally certified vehicles may not be OBD II certified. | Check under-hood label for OBD certification. Follow OIS prompts (may require BAR-97 test). |
| GMC | 2002 | Sierra C/K 2500HD (diesel) | EGR monitor failure. | Difficult drive cycle. | OIS reprogrammed (10/13/2016) to allow incomplete monitor. |
| GMC | 2019 | Savana 2.8L (diesel) (California certified) | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor incomplete. Particulate Matter sensor fault may not set DTC/MIL. | ECM diagnostic information issue. ECM reprogram recall N232408230. | Vehicle reflash required. Perform recall, then retest. |
| GMC | 2022 | Sierra K2500 SLT 6.6L (diesel) (California certified) | Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. | Test normally. OIS temporarily allows incomplete Exhaust Gas Sensor monitor (until manufacturer remedy). |
| Hyundai | 2002 | Sonata | Readiness monitor failure. | Monitors difficult to complete. Drive cycle twice (TSB #02-36-030). | Run drive cycle. See TSB #02-36-030. |
| Hyundai | 2003 | Tiburon | No communication with generic OBD equipment. | Pin 5 not grounded. Ground pin 5 to pin 4 (TSB). Recall #057, Hyundai TSB #03-01-003-01. | Test normally on OIS. For generic OBD, perform recall #057 and TSB #03-01-003-01. |
| Infiniti | 2000 -2001 | I30 | Catalyst monitor failure. | OBD catalyst code only on OEM scan tool. | Test catalyst, replace if defective. |
| Infiniti | 2000 -2001 | I30 | Readiness monitor failure. | Monitors difficult to complete. | Run drive cycle. |
| Isuzu | 1998-2005 | NPR (diesel) (Federal certified, GVWR 10,001- – 14,000) | Not OBD II equipped. | OBD not required in federal vehicles in this GVWR range. | OIS skips OBD functional test. |
| Isuzu | 2000-2002 | Hombre (2WD) 2.2L I-4 (E85) | Monitors wont set (flex fuel models). | System monitors disabled for high ethanol blends. | OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors. |
| Jaguar | 2017 | Jaguar XE, XF, & F-Pace 2.0L (diesel) (California certified, Test Group HJLXJ02.0STY) | NOx Aftertreatment System monitor incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. Dealer recall H444. | Test normally. Direct to Jaguar dealer for software update if NOx monitor incomplete. |
| Jaguar | 2018 | Jaguar XE, XF, F-Pace & Rover Velar 2.0L (diesel) (California certified, Test group JJLXJ02.0STY) | NOx Aftertreatment System monitor incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. Dealer recall H444. | Test normally. Direct to Jaguar dealer for software update if NOx monitor incomplete. |
| Jaguar | 2019 | Jaguar XE, XF, & F-Pace 2.0L (diesel) (California certified, Test group KJLXJ02.0STY) | NOx Aftertreatment System monitor incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. Dealer recall H444. | Test normally. Direct to Jaguar dealer for software update if NOx monitor incomplete. |
| Jeep | 2005-2006 | Wrangler | O2 sensor, O2 heater, catalyst readiness monitors may be not ready. | Vehicle design anomaly. TSB #25-005-13 Rev. A (wiring modification). | OIS allows incomplete O2 heater monitor. |
| Jeep | 2010-2011 | Wrangler 3.8L | Oxygen sensor monitor failure. | PCM monitor frequency issue. Recalls L34/L35, OEM drive cycle issue. TSB 18-027-10. | Reflash PCM per TSB 18-027-10. Special drive cycle may be needed. |
| Kia | 2009 | Borrego LX/EX 3.8L | Readiness monitor failure (EGR). | EGR monitor difficult to complete/drive cycle issue. | OIS reprogrammed (12/7/2017) to allow incomplete EGR/VVT monitor. |
| Land Rover | 2017 | Discovery, Range Rover, Range Rover Sport 3.0L (diesel) (California certified, Test group HJLXT03.0GTR) | NOx Aftertreatment System monitor incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. Dealer recall N808. | Test normally. Direct to Land Rover dealer for software update if NOx monitor incomplete. |
| Land Rover | 2018 | Velar 2.0L (diesel) (California certified, Test group JJLXJ02.0STY) | NOx Aftertreatment System monitor incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. Dealer recall N808. | Test normally. Direct to Land Rover dealer for software update if NOx monitor incomplete. |
| Land Rover | 2019 | Velar 2.0L (diesel) (California certified, Test group KJLXJ02.0STY) | NOx Aftertreatment System monitor incomplete. | Vehicle design anomaly. Dealer recall N808. | Test normally. Direct to Land Rover dealer for software update if NOx monitor incomplete. |
| Lexus | 2007 | RX400 Hybrid | Oxygen sensor (air/fuel) monitor readiness failure. AC monitor issue. | Air Fuel monitor issue. Software update (Lexus campaign FLD, TSB #L-SB-0027-15). | Advise motorist recall may be required if oxygen sensor monitor fails. Check recall status: toyota.com/recall. |
| Lincoln | 2011 | MKX 3.5L & 3.7L | Readiness monitor failure. | OBD-II data clearing/incorrect VIN reporting. Recall #13E04. | Consult Ford Emission Recall #13E04. Ensure recall performed and monitors completed. |
| Lincoln | 2020-2022 | Corsair (all engines, gasoline & hybrid) | No communication with BAR-OIS. | Design issue. Software update available (SSM 50974). | Test normally. Direct to Ford dealer for software update if no communication. |
| Mazda | 2000 | MPV | Catalyst monitor failure. | Catalyst and/or oxygen sensor issue. | Likely broken vehicle. Repair and retest. |
| Mazda | 2002-2003 | B3000 (2WD) 3.0L V-6 (E-85) | Readiness monitors won’t set (flex fuel models). | Monitors disabled for high ethanol blends. | OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors. |
| Mazda | 2003-2004 | Mazda 6 | False MIL illumination, U-code DTCs during OBDII test. | PCM sensitive to OBD tool connection/disconnection (ignition ON/engine running). Mazda Service Bulletin #01-002/05. | Reset monitors. Connect/disconnect DAD when key off. |
| Mazda | 2005 | Mazda 6 (with 2.3 only) | False MIL illumination, U-code DTCs during OBDII test. | PCM sensitive to OBD tool connection/disconnection (ignition ON/engine running). Mazda Service Bulletin #01-002/05. | Reset monitors. Connect/disconnect DAD when key off. |
| Mazda | 2003-2005 | Mazda 6 – 2.3 engine non PZEV, Mazda 6 – 3.0 engine | False MIL illumination. | PCM sensitive to OBD tool connection/disconnection (ignition ON/engine running). TSB #01-024/05. Reprogram PCM/TCM or Emission Recall TSB #1303F. | Follow OIS prompts. Connect/disconnect DAD when key off. |
| Mitsubishi Fuso | 1998-2004 | FE639/FG639 (diesel) (Federal certified, GVWR 10,001 –14,000) | Not OBDII equipped. | OBD not required in federal vehicles in this GVWR range. | OIS skips OBD functional test. |
| Mitsubishi | 2000-2001 | Montero, Montero Sport, Diamante, 3000GT Mirage, Galant, Expo/Expo LRV, Eclipse (except 2.0L non—turbo 420A engine) | Readiness monitor failure. | Monitors difficult to complete. | Follow Mitsubishi service manual drive cycles. |
| Nissan | 1999-2007 | UD1200 (Diesel) (Federal certified, GVWR 10,001-14,000) | Not OBDII equipped. | OBD not required in federal vehicles in this GVWR range. | OIS skips OBD functional test. |
| Nissan | 2000-2001 | Maxima | Catalyst monitor failure. | OBD catalyst code only on OEM scan tool. | Test catalyst, replace if defective. |
| Nissan | 2000-2006 | All models | Readiness monitor failure. | Incomplete monitors during normal driving. Follow specific drive cycle. | Follow drive cycle. See owner’s manual. |
| Plymouth | 1999-2000 | Voyager 3.0L (built after 12/1/1998) | EGR Monitor incomplete at high altitude. | Reflash available (TSB 18-03-00). | Vehicle reflash required. Repair per TSB, run monitors, retest. |
| Plymouth | 2000 | Voyager 3.3L V-6 (E-85) | Readiness monitors won’t set (flex fuel models). | Monitors disabled for high ethanol blends. | OIS ignores all 11 readiness monitors. |
| Suzuki | 2001 | Aerio | Readiness monitor failure. | Monitors difficult to complete. | Follow drive cycle (OBD Clearinghouse or Suzuki service info). |
| Suzuki | 2004 | Forenza | Readiness monitor failure. | Monitors difficult to complete. | Follow drive cycle (OBD Clearinghouse or Suzuki service info). |
| Toyota | 2000-2006 | All models | Readiness monitor failure. | Monitors difficult to complete. | Follow Toyota service information drive cycles. |
| Toyota | 2003-2004 | 4 Runner | VSC light may illuminate with aftermarket scan tool (CAN protocol). | Stability control calibration loss with CAN protocol. Reset zero-point calibration. | OIS avoids CAN protocol on these vehicles. |
| Toyota | 2007 | Highlander Hybrid | Oxygen sensor (air/fuel) monitor readiness failure. | Air Fuel monitor issue. Software update (Toyota Special Service Campaign F0P, TSB #0042-15). | Advise motorist recall may be required if oxygen sensor monitor fails. Check recall status: toyota.com/recall. |
| Volvo | 2000 | S40 / V40 | Comprehensive, Oxygen sensor, and Catalyst monitors failure. | Defective ECM. | Send to Referee if only these monitors unset. Repair other failures first. |
| Volvo | 2004-2006 | S40, V50 | AC readiness monitor mistakenly set to supported. | Vehicle design anomaly. | OIS ignores A/C monitor status. |
| Volvo | 2005-2007 | XC90 | AC readiness monitor mistakenly set to supported. | Vehicle design anomaly. | OIS ignores A/C monitor status. |
| VW | 2000-2005 | Passat | No OBD communication. | Broken ground wire in ABS module. Repair per VW TSB #45 15 01. | Likely Broken Vehicle Repair and Retest. |
Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Code Vehicles of Interest
Certain vehicles are known to have issues with Permanent Diagnostic Trouble Codes (PDTCs) that may affect smog check results. The following table outlines these vehicles and provides guidance for inspectors:
| Make | Year | Model Engine (L); Fuel Type | Issue | Cause and Possible Remedy | Inspector Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audi | 2010 | Q7; 3.0 (TDI/diesel) | PDTCs P0087, P0088, and P053F won’t clear. | No remedy available. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
| Audi | 2011-2012 | Q7; 3.0 (TDI/diesel) | PDTCs P0087, P0088, P053F, P064A, P2635, and P0230 won’t clear. | No remedy available. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
| Chrysler | 2011-2015 | 200; 2.4, 3.6 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Chrysler | 2010-2014 | 300; 3.6, 5.7, 6.4 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Chrysler | 2017 | Pacifica Hybrid | Fails for PDTC C2200 or B22A9-00. | Reflash modules per TSB 08-005-21 and 08-006-21. | Reflash then retest. |
| Chrysler | 2018 | Pacifica Hybrid | Fails for PDTC C2200 or B22A9-00. | Reflash modules per TSB 08-008-21 and 08-009-21. | Reflash then retest. |
| Chrysler | 2019 | Pacifica Hybrid | Fails for PDTC C2200 or B22A9-00. | Reflash modules per TSB 08-011-21 and 08-012-21. | Reflash then retest. |
| Chrysler | 2011-2015 | Town and Country; 3.6 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2014 | Avenger | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2012 | Caliber; 2.0, 2.4 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2015 | Challenger; 3.6, 5.7, 6.4 | Fails for PDTC U0140. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2014 | Charger; 3.6, 5.7, 6.4 | Fails for PDTC U0140. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2015 | Grand Caravan; 3.6 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2010-2011 | Dakota; 3.7, 4.7 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2013 | Dart; 2.0 | Fails for PDTC U0140. | Reflash per Recall V50 and V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2013 | Dart; 2.4 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2014-2015 | Dart; 2.0, 2.4 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2014 | Durango; 3.6, 5.7 | Fails for PDTC U0140. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2011-2015 | Journey; 2.4, 3.6 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Dodge | 2010-2011 | Nitro; 3.7, 4.0 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Ford | 2011-2014 | Mustang; 3.7 & 5.0 (gasoline) | Fails for PDTC P0315. | Vehicle not self-clearing permanent fault code. Customer Satisfaction Program 17N01. | Refer to Ford Customer Satisfaction Program 17N01. |
| Freightliner | 2014-2015 | Sprinter 2500 Sprinter 3500 (diesel) | Fails for PDTCs P202A, P203A, P208A, P20B9, P20BD, P20BE or P20FA. | Vehicle not self-clearing permanent fault code. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
| Jeep | 2014-2015 | Cherokee; 2.4, 3.2 | Fails for PDTC U0140. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Jeep | 2010 | Commander; 5.7 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Jeep | 2010-2015 | Grand Cherokee; 3.6, 5.7, 6.4 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Jeep | 2014-2017 | Grand Cherokee (diesel) | Fails for PDTC P1D30. | Vehicle not self-clearing permanent fault code. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores this code. |
| Jeep | 2010-2012 | Liberty; 3.7 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Jeep | 2011-2015 | Patriot / Compass; 2.0, 2.4 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Jeep | 2010-2015 | Wrangler; 3.6, 3.8 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Mercedes | 2010-2013 | 350 Bluetec | Fails for PDTCs P203D, P20B6, P20BD or P20BE. | Vehicle not self-clearing permanent fault code. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
| Mercedes | 2014-2015 | Sprinter 2500 Sprinter 3500 (diesel) | Fails for PDTCs P202A, P203A, P208A, P20B9, P20BD, P20BE or P20FA. | Vehicle not self-clearing permanent fault code. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
| Ram | 2010-2014 | 1500; 3.6, 3.7, 4.7, 5.7 | Fails for PDTC U0140. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Ram | 2013 | 1500; 3.6, 5.7 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V50. | Reflash then retest. |
| Ram | 2014-2017 | 1500 (diesel) | Fails for PDTC P1D30. | Vehicle not self-clearing permanent fault code. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores this code. |
| Ram | 2010-2015 | 2500; 5.7, 6.4 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Ram | 2011-2015 | 3500 Cab Chassis; 5.7, 6.4 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Ram | 2013-2015 | 3500 Pickup; 5.7, 6.4 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V51. | Reflash then retest. |
| Ram | 2014 | Promaster; 3.6 | PDTCs won’t clear. | Reflash per Recall V50. | Reflash then retest. |
| Volkswagen | 2010 | Touareg; 3.0 (TDI/diesel) | PDTCs P20B5, P0087, P0088, and P053F won’t clear. | No remedy available. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
| Volkswagen | 2011-2012 | Touareg; 3.0 (TDI/diesel). | PDTCs P20B5, P0087, P0088, P053F, P064A, P2635, and P0230 won’t clear. | No remedy available. | Test normally. BAR-OIS ignores these codes. |
BAR-97 EIS Vehicles of Interest
For older vehicles (model year 1996-1999) undergoing BAR-97 EIS inspections, certain monitor readiness issues are known. In many cases, the BAR-97 EIS system is programmed to accommodate these vehicle-specific design anomalies:
| Make | Year | Model Engine (L); Fuel Type | Issue | Cause and Possible Remedy | Inspector Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMW | 1996 | 7-Series, 8-Series 5.0L, 5.4L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | |
| Chrysler | 1996 | Cirrus, Concord, LHS Sebring Convertible | All monitors reset on key-off. | Recall #678 (CA certified vehicles originally sold in CA). TSB #18-005-01 (lifetime warranty, federal and CA northeast). | Comply with recall, then test as normal. |
| Chrysler | 1996 | Concord, LHS, New Yorker, Sebring, Town & Country 2.0L, 2.4L, 2.5L, 3.3L, 3.5L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | |
| Chrysler | 1998-1999 | Town & Country 3.3L Flex Fuel | Monitors may not function with ethanol. | Test as normal. | |
| Dodge | 1996 | Stratus, Intrepid, Neon | All monitors reset on key-off. | Recall #678 (CA certified vehicles originally sold in CA). TSB #18-005-01 (lifetime warranty, federal and CA northeast). | Comply with recall, then test as normal. |
| Dodge | 1996 | Avenger, Stratus 2.0L manual | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | |
| Dodge | 1996 | Stealth 3.0L | All monitors reset on key-off. | Not reflashable. | EIS ignores readiness status. |
| Dodge | 1998-1999 | Caravan 3.3L Flex Fuel | Monitors may not function with ethanol. | Test as normal. | |
| Eagle | 1996 | Vision | All monitors reset on key-off. | Recall #678 (CA certified vehicles originally sold in CA). TSB #18-005-01 (lifetime warranty, federal and CA northeast). | Comply with TSB, then test as normal. |
| Eagle | 1996-1997 | Talon 2.0L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | |
| Ford | 2020-2022 | F-53 Motorhome, F-59 Commercial Stripped Chassis (Gasoline not hybrid) | No OBD communication. | Design issue. Software update available (SSM 50974). | Test normally. Direct to Ford dealer for software update if no communication. |
| Ford | 2021-2023 | F-650, F-750 (all engines, Gasoline not hybrid) | No OBD communication. | Design issue. Software update available (SSM 50974). | Test normally. Direct to Ford dealer for software update if no communication. |
| Hyundai | 1996 | Accent 1.5L Elantra 1.8L Sonata 2.0L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | |
| Hyundai | 1997-1998 | Sonata 2.0L, 3.0L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | |
| lnfiniti | 1996 | All models | Catalyst and evaporative system monitors difficult. | Follow drive cycle (TSB #ITB98-011F). | Test as normal. |
| Kia | 1996 | Sephia Sportage | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | |
| Lexus | 1996-1999 | All models | Monitors difficult to complete. | Follow Lexus service information drive cycles. | Test as normal. |
| Mercedes-Benz | 1996 | C220, E320, C280, S320, SL320 | MIL illuminates when scan tool connected. No trouble codes stored. | OBD II connector used as RPM source during Smog Check. | Do not connect OBD II until prompted for OBD II test. Use conventional RPM method. |
| Mitsubishi | 1996-1997 | All Models | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | |
| Mitsubishi | 1998 | Eclipse (all), Galant 2.4L, Mirage, Montero Sport 2.4L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | |
| Mitsubishi | 1998 | 3000GT, Diamante, Galant 2.3L, Montero, Montero Sport 3.0L | Some monitors difficult to complete. | Follow Mitsubishi service manual drive cycles. | Test as normal. |
| Mitsubishi | 1999 | All models | Some monitors difficult to complete. | Follow Mitsubishi service manual drive cycles. | Test as normal. |
| Nissan | 1996 | Sentra 1.6L and 2.0L manual, 200SX 1.6L, 240SX 2.4L, Maxima 3.0L, Pickup 2.4L | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | |
| Nissan | 1996-1997 | All models | Catalyst and evaporative system monitors difficult. | Follow drive cycle (Nissan TSB #NTB98-018G). | Comply with TSB, then test as normal. |
| Nissan | 1999 | All models | Monitors difficult to complete. | Follow owner’s manual drive cycle. | Test as normal. |
| Plymouth | 1996 | Breeze, Neon | All monitors reset on key-off. | Recall #678 (CA certified vehicles originally sold in CA). TSB #18-005-01 (lifetime warranty, federal and CA northeast). | Comply with recall, then test as normal. |
| Plymouth | 1998-1999 | Voyager 3.3L Flex Fuel | Monitors may not function with ethanol. | Test as normal. | |
| Saab | 1996-1998 | 900 2.3L (B234 with Motronic 4.1) | Monitors difficult to complete. | EIS ignores readiness status. | |
| Saab | 1996-1998 | All models | Catalyst and evaporative system monitors difficult. | Saab Service Instruction No. 248-9037 (drive cycle). | Comply with TSB, then test as normal. |
| Subaru | 1996 | All models | Readiness cleared at key-off. | EIS ignores readiness status. | |
| Toyota | 1996-1999 | All models | Monitors difficult to complete. | Follow Toyota service information drive cycles. | Test as normal. |
| Toyota | 1996-1997 | Tercel, Paseo | Evaporative system monitor never completes/unsupported. | EIS allows one incomplete monitor. | Test as normal. |
| VW | 1997-1999 | Passat | No OBD communication. | Broken ground wire in ABS module. Repair per VW TSB #45 15 01. | Likely Broken Vehicle. Repair and retest. |
| Volvo | 1996-1998 | All models | Monitors difficult to complete. | Follow Service Bulletin 25-19 drive cycles. | EIS ignores readiness status. |
